The role of degree of opening in comprehensive water efficiency, derived from SHAN model

Abstract China's reform and opening-up strongly impact its local water resources. The most frequently stated problems are supply scarcity pollution issues in Yangtze River. What is not yet clear the correlation between comprehensive efficiency sub-stage efficiencies, utility efficiency, governance efficiency. This study aims to investigate together. paper provides a fresh perspective on developing an improved DEA method called SHAN model that evaluates decomposes for 30 cities River Basin from 2005 2015. modified RAM Network with extra consideration of Super SBM undesirable output. A Tobit will be adopted analyze relationship sub-stages. uses panel quantile regression degree opening other determinants. results show value efficiencies along lower than 1, as well efficiencies. indicate government should significantly improve resource utilization problems. findings also opening, population density, GDP per capita, urbanization, industrial structure positively influence Population urbanization lag has negative impacts management 1.435 0.227, respectively. result indicates stage more significant effect